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ISO 5660 ASTM E1354 Laboratory Cone Calorimeter for Building Materials Test Equipment
1.Overview:
The design principle of this equipment is based on the oxygen consumption calculated by the oxygen concentration in the gas stream of combustion products and the heat release rate of combustion products. The heat release rate of materials is also the most important parameter in the combustion performance of materials. The equipment can measure the heat release rate of materials in the combustion process more accurately, with beautiful appearance and convenient and accurate testing. Essential for predicting fire hazards and their flame retardant treatment, this device can be used to detect the mass loss rate, O2, CO, CO2 and heat release rate of all fire and flame retardant materials.
2. Meet the standard:
Comply with GB/T16172-2007, ISO 5660-1:2002, ASTM E1354 and other current domestic and foreign test standards.BS 476 PT. 15:, NFPA 264.
3.Scope of application:
Can be used for all fire and flame retardant materials to carry out smoke production, mass loss rate, O2, CO, CO2 and heat release rate, etc., to test flame retardant and combustion performance of materials under various preset conditions, and can also be used as correlation analysis data to import mathematical models to predict combustion behavior. Widely used in quality inspection units, scientific research institutions to analyze materials and test material heat release properties.
4.The main features:
4.1 Divided cabinet design, the analysis cabinet can be moved, can be used for cone calorimeter test, can also be connected to large heat release rate test system.
4.2 Integrated test body and 19-inch analysis cabinet, integrated test body is embedded with high-performance PC and 19-inch LCD panel for the entire control and test process, Totem brand cabinet is selected, and the combination of cabinet and separate phase is adopted to effectively solve the online vibration problem and ensure the test accuracy.
4.3 Computer control interface: The use of high-grade equipment and instruments professional development software (Labview), the interface is rigorous, high degree of automation, all the cumbersome procedures and operations have been integrated into the computer, the reaction speed is very fast, fool operation, humanized interface.
4.4 Operating software: Windows xp operating interface, Labview style, perfect security mechanism, the software can be produced according to the requirements of the customer.
4.5 Can set up various sensor calibration modes, including oxygen analyzer, carbon dioxide analyzer, carbon monoxide analyzer, micro pressure difference sensor, smoke density measurement system, weighing device, mass flow control of single or double point calibration to obtain the best linearity;
4.6C parameter calibration: The deviation of C coefficient of two calibration is not more than 5%, and the equipment runs stably after calibration, ensuring the real and reliable measurement results.
4.7 Status check interface, which can obtain the working status of each sensor component of the instrument at a glance; It can record the working value of various sensors, including micro-pressure differential sensor, chimney temperature, oxygen analyzer, carbon dioxide analyzer, carbon monoxide analyzer; The report template is in EXCELL format and can display graphical and numerical modes.
4.8 Software Operating System: It can collect and record total oxygen consumption, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), effective heat of combustion (EHC), orifice flowmeter, thermocouple, C coefficient, flue gas flow rate, sample ignition time (TTI), ignition time (temperature), extinction time, critical ignition heat, thermogravimetric rate, aversion The output of test data such as release rate, toxic gas generation rate, mass loss rate (MLR) can be saved and printed; It has powerful functions, especially can be compared with multiple curves, and can intuitively compare the difference in the combustion characteristics of materials.
5.The composition of cone calorimeter:
5.1 The cone calorimeter is composed of six parts: combustion chamber, load platform, oxygen analyzer, smoke measurement system, ventilation device and related auxiliary equipment.
5.2 Combustion chamber: the size is L1680mm×W700mm×H2410mm, which is composed of conical heater, igniter, control circuit and windshield.
5.3 Oxygen analyzer: It can accurately check the change of the percentage of oxygen in the ventilation pipe with time during combustion, and then determine the combustion and heat release of the material by the principle of immediate oxygen concentration and oxygen consumption.
5.4 Load stage: it can accurately record the quality change of the sample during the combustion process. During combustion, the sample is placed on the support of the load platform.
5.5 Smoke measurement system: The ventilation duct near the combustion chamber is equipped with a He-NE laser emitter and a double electron beam measuring device, so that the specific extinction area (SEA) of smoke in the smoke duct can be determined.
5.6 Ventilation system: Ventilation system refers to the device that exhausts combustion products from the combustion chamber to the atmosphere after the sample is burned.
5.7 Auxiliary equipment: The auxiliary equipment contains a microcomputer processor, a server, a heat flow meter device, and a corresponding device for removing CO2 and H2O(gas).
ISO 5660 ASTM E1354 Laboratory Cone Calorimeter for Building Materials Test Equipment
6. The main technical parameters:
6.1 Radiation cone: See Figure 2
Figure 2 Radiation cone
6.1.1 Using imported electric heat pipe heating;
6.1.2 Radiation cone power: rated power 5000W, heat output 0 ~ 100kW/m2, radiation cone can be placed horizontally or vertically, the material is high temperature steel; Equipped with three thermocouples to measure temperature.
6.1.3 Radiant cone structure: The electric heating tube is tightly wound into a conical table shape and assembled in a double-layer heat-resistant cone sleeve, and the inner and outer cone shells are filled with heat-resistant fibers with a nominal thickness of 13mm and a nominal density of 100Kg/m3. The radiation intensity is uniform and the radiophobe at the center, the deviation is not more than ±2%; The incident heat flow intensity of the conical heater can be selected according to different test requirements.
6.1.4 Measurement of irradiance:
6.1.4.1 Measurement of irradiance: The imported K-type stainless steel armored thermocouple is used to measure its temperature and set to the corresponding radiosity, and the armored thermocouple with exposed thermal nodes with an outer diameter of 3.0mm;
6.1.4.2 Control mode: PID+SSR control mode is adopted to effectively control the intensity uniformity, ensure that the radiation cone can be automatically adjusted within the preset value, and set the resolution and temperature control accuracy to ±10ºC.
6.1.4.3 Thermocouple installation position: 3 thermocouples are placed symmetrically and contact with the electric heat pipe in a non-welded manner;
6.1.5 The incident heat flow intensity of the conical heater can be selected according to different test requirements.
6.2 Radiation shielding layer: See FIG3
FIG. 3 Radiation shielding layer
6.2.1 Structure: made of non-water-cooled 6mm stainless steel;
6.2.2 Control mode: automatic control, output signal by computer program, quick insertion and removal;
6.3 Weighing equipment: See Figure 4
FIG. 4 Weighing equipment
6.3.1 Weighing device: It is integrated with the high precision electronic balance and sample box device of the United States to accurately reflect the actual weight and mass loss rate of the sample, and double heat insulation design to ensure that the sensor works at room temperature to improve the service life.
6.3.2 Sample weighing range: 0~1000g
6.3.3 Accuracy: 0.1g
6.3.4 Response time: <4S
6.3.5 Stability: When calibrating, the output drift does not exceed 1g within 30min.
6.4 The specimen mounting rack is a square open plate with an upper opening of (106±1)mm ×(106±1)mm and a depth of (25±1)mm. The mounting rack is made of stainless steel plate with a thickness of 50 (2.4±0.15)mm. Includes a handle for easy insertion and removal, and a mechanism to ensure that the sample is centered under the heater and accurately aligned with the weighing equipment. A layer of low-density (nominal thickness 65kg/m3) heat-resistant fiber pad with a thickness of 13mm is placed at the bottom of the mounting frame. The distance between the lower surface of the radiation cone and the top of the sample is adjusted to (25±1) mm and (60±1) mm for dimensionally unstable materials
6.5 Positioning frame: A square box made of stainless steel with a thickness of (1.9±0.1) mm, with an inner side size of (111±1) mm and a height of (54±1) mm; The opening for the specimen face is (94.0±0.5) mm× (94.0±0.5) mm
Figure 5 Positioning rack
6.6 Smoke exhaust system (exhaust system) : See Figure 6
Figure 6 Smoke exhaust system
6.6.1 Composition: It is composed of centrifugal fan, smoke collecting hood, inlet and exhaust pipe of fan and orifice flowmeter.
6.6.2 Centrifugal fan: The wind speed is adjustable, under the standard temperature and pressure conditions, the exhaust air volume (g/s) of the exhaust system can be 0 ~ 50, and the accuracy (g/s) can be less than 0.1.
6.6.3 Smoke hood: The smoke hood is a conical body, the smoke inlet is 450mm×450mm, the top is a 150mm×150mm cube, the total height is 350mm, and the distance between the bottom of the smoke hood and the surface of the sample is (210±50) mm
6.6.4 Within 50mm of the central part of the exposed sample surface, the irradiation deviation at the center shall not exceed ±2%;
6.6.5 The sample box can hold samples up to 100mm, 100mm and 50mm;
6.6.6 Exhaust flow rate is determined by measuring the pressure difference between the two sides of the sharp edge orifice plate at 350 mm above the fan. The inner diameter of the sharp edge orifice plate is 57mm±1mm.
6.6.7 Orifice flowmeter: Using high-precision digital output, output 0-10V voltage signal through the I/0 plate speed module conversion, directly controlled by the computer flow.
6.6.8 Throttle orifice plate; A throttle orifice plate with an inner diameter of (57±3) mm is installed in the smoke hood and the intake pipe to better improve the mixing degree of gas
6.6.9 A ring sampler is used for gas collection, which is installed in the fan inlet pipe of the smoke collecting hood (685±15) mm. The ring sampler has 12 small holes with a diameter of (2.2±0.1) mm; To homogenize the components of the air flow, the small hole is opposite to the direction of the air flow to avoid the deposition of dust. Made of brass material, with stainless steel clamping and cutting disassembly mechanism, easy to clean and replace.
6.6.10 Measurement of airflow temperature: The imported American Omega thermocouple is used to measure the armored thermoelectric leakage with an outer diameter of 1.5mm. Installed on the upstream of the orifice flowmeter (100±5) mm, on the axis of the exhaust pipe.
6.6.11 Smoke exhaust pipe: made of stainless steel, the diameter of the pipe is 114mm, the length is about 1500mm, and it is equipped with fans, flowmeters, sensors and so on. To ensure that the equipment has a good ventilation system, after the completion of the test, the combustion product can be discharged from the combustion chamber to the atmosphere. The ventilation performance should be adjusted according to the test requirements, and the airflow speed should be limited to a certain range to ensure the accuracy of the test results.
6.7 Gas sampling device: including ring sampler, sampling mercury, smoke filter, dehumidifying trap, exhaust gas discharge, exhaust bypass system, water filter and CO2 filter. Equipped with automatic cleaning system to prevent pipeline clogging, the primary pass rate adopts quick disassembly device to facilitate cleaning and replacement of filters, and the gas path is equipped with current limiting and shitter devices to ensure the stability of the air flow into the analyzer and prevent damage to the analyzer due to excessive air flow.
Figure 7
6.8 The ignition circuit uses a spark plug powered by a 10KV transformer for external ignition. Located at (13±2) mm above the center of the specimen surface, the distance is (48±2) mm for materials with non-temperature dimensions
Figure 8 Spark plug
6.9 Ignition timer: visual resolution: 0.1s, timing error: 1s/1h
6.10 Ignition system: high voltage spark generator with safety cutting device, high voltage automatic ignition, automatic positioning. The sample is ignited by the igniter on the combustion platform, and the ignition speed is rapid, which can ensure the accuracy of the test results.
6.11 Heat flow meter: mili tary grade thermopile heat flow meter, equipped with portable water cooling system, when using heat flow meter, users do not need to connect to the external water source and equipped with water pipes. The measuring range is (0~100)KW/ m2, and the accuracy is ±3%. The radiation receiving target is 12.5mm in diameter and is coated with a durable matte black coating. The radiation receiving target is water-cooled. The heat flux meter has an accuracy of 1% and a repeatability of 0.5%.
6.12 Calibrating burners: See Figure 9
6.12.1 In order to calibrate the response of the entire test system, a brass tube with a square opening and a square section is used as the calibrating burner for measuring C-coefficient numerical burners: A hole with an area of (500±100) mm² is opened on the circular metal. The hole is covered with a metal mesh to diffuse the gas, and the tube is filled with ceramic fibers to improve the uniformity of the gas flow.
Figure 9 Calibrating the burner
6.13 Flowmeter: The Sino-Korean joint venture Seven star Huachuang mass flowmeter, measuring range: 0~20L/min, accuracy:
6.14 Sampling pump: 12L/min
6.15 Cold trap: 0~5 degrees, diaphragm pump, flow rate :33 l/min, vacuum degree: 700 mmHg, pressure: 2.5bar;
6.16 Thermocouple: a diameter of 1.5MM non-exposed hot node armored thermocouple, the thermocouple should be installed 100 mm above the flow measurement hole plate; American OMEGA brand.
6.17 Temperature controller: automatically adjust and control the temperature within the range of 0-1000ºC, and set the resolution and temperature control accuracy to n; 2 degrees, automatic cold end compensator with thermocouple;
6.18 Imported Analytical instruments:
6.18.1 Oxygen measurement: Siemens paramagnetic oxygen gas analyzer is used, the whole machine is imported. It can accurately check the change of oxygen percentage content in the ventilation pipe with time during combustion, and then determine the combustion heat release of the material from the immediate oxygen concentration and oxygen consumption.
6.18.1.1 Concentration range: 0 ~ 25%;
6.18.1.2 Measurement accuracy: <0.02%.
6.18.1.3 Response time: T90≤3.5S.
6.18.1.4 Signal output: 4-20mA; RS485
6.18.1.5 Linearity <±0.1% O2; The response is linear.
6.18.1.6 Zero drift: The drift shall not be greater than 50 x 10-6 within 30 minutes
6.18.1.7 Internal Signal Processing Time is less than 1S;
6.18.1.8 Resolution 100×10-6
6.18.1.9 Ambient Temperature 0-45 ° C
6.18.1.10 Relative Humidity <90% (no condensation)
6.18.2 CO2 CO2 Analyzer: Continuous measurement with NDIR non-dispersive infrared analyzer.
6.18.2.1 Measuring range: 0 ~ 10%;
6.18.2.2 Measurement accuracy: ±0.1%;
6.18.2.3 Response time: < 3.5S;
6.18.2.4 Repeatability: < ±1%
6.18.2.5 Zero shift: ≤2%/ week
6.18.2.6 Range drift: ≤2%/ week
6.18.2.7 Linear deviation: < ±1%
6.18.3 CO Analyzer: Continuous measurement with non-dispersive infrared analyzer.
6.18.3.1 Measuring range: 0 ~ 1%;
6.18.3.2 Measurement accuracy: ±0.1%;
6.18.3.3 Response Time: < 3.5S
6.18.3.4 Repeatability: < ±1%
6.18.3.5 Zero shift: ≤2%/ week
6.18.3.6 Range drift: ≤2%/ week
6.18.3.7 Linear deviation: < ±1%
6.18.4 Smoke density analysis (imported laser system to measure smoke density) : consists of photodiode, 0.5mW He-Ne laser, main pattern detector and auxiliary pattern detector;
6.18.4.1 Optical smoke density meter: composed of light source, lens, photoelectric element, etc., due to the dust accumulation of smoke during the measurement process, the light transmittance should not be reduced by more than 5%.
6.18.4.2 Light source: halogen lamp, color temperature 2900±100K, DC regulated power supply, power supply accuracy of the light source ±0.2%. Halogen lamp voltage 6V, power 10w.
6.18.4.3 Lens: Convex lens with a diameter of 50mm and a focal length of 60mm, such that the parallel beam passing through the smoke exhaust pipe has a diameter of 30MM.
6.19 Control System:
6.19.1 Man-machine interface and computer control are adopted, and the software is LabeView, a special development software for instruments and equipment, and a data acquisition control card. In the process of control test, the test data can be viewed in real time, which can realize automatic data acquisition and processing, data saving and output measurement results; Computer control system, test time, test times, delay time, etc. can be set and recorded in the computer. It has the characteristics of high intelligence, guided menu operation, simple and intuitive, which makes the test results more accurate.
6.19.2 The acquisition system can collect and record oxygen concentration, temperature, heat release rate, orifice flowmeter, thermocouple, hot flue gas flow rate, C coefficient, sample ignition time and extinction time, total oxygen consumption, mass loss rate, total heat release, carbon dioxide generation and carbon monoxide generation curve, all process curves and real-time data can be saved and printed.
6.19.3 The mass flowmeter is used to control the methane gas flow with a measuring range of 0-10L/min and a control accuracy of FS±2%.
7. Test requirements: (customer preparation)
| Item | Specification / Description | Quantity | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mains Supply | 380V, 50Hz AC, 35A three-phase leakage switch | - | |
| Room Height | > 3.2 meters | - | |
| Exhaust Pipe | Air volume: 100L/s to 200L/s | - | |
| Smoke Vent | Diameter: 130mm | - | At room top |
| Standard Gases | |||
| - Nitrogen | 99.9% | - | |
| - Gas Mix 1 | Carbon Dioxide 8.5% (in Nitrogen) | - | |
| - Gas Mix 2 | Carbon Monoxide 0.85% (in Nitrogen) | 1 bottle | |
| - Methane | 99.5% | 1 bottle | |
| - Valves | Corresponding valves | as required | |
| Desiccant | Calcium sulfate white particles or Silica gel particles | - | |
| Aluminum Foil | - | ||
| Safety Equipment | Gas safety alarm cabinet | - |
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